Nok Civilization Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nok Civilization - Term Paper Example It was during uncovering a piece of an alluvial tin mine close by the Nok town that disclosures were made. The Nok town is in Jaba Local Government toward the south of Kaduna state, close to Jos Plateau that is situated in Central Nigeria in West Africa. Common disintegration and statement prompted Nok earthenware being spread everywhere throughout the Sahel fields at different profundities, in this way making it hard to date and order them. Because of sheer karma two locales were found to have Nok craftsmanship which had not been moved. With the assistance of radiocarbon and thermo-glow tests the archeologists had the option to limit the age of the models to somewhere in the range of 2000 and 2500 years back. This implied these antiquities were among the most established ones of West Africa (Nok - a visit to Africa’s antiquated civilisation 2013). Nok culture has a place with the Nigerian legacy which has not been given a great deal of consideration †at any rate not as much as different human advancements around the world. Among every old clan the Nok progress was the most exceptional and composed regarding their living style. Sadly, however, a dominant part of the characteristics that were related with the Nok culture are no longer there and only an outline of their past exists today (Nok - a visit to Africa’s old civilisation 2013). For example, today there is a solitary Nok smithy in the entire network and only two or three weavers when in certainty the Nok human advancement was conspicuous because of their gifts in weaving, trim and metal forger. Similar exchanges that they were known for the present barely exist (Nok - a visit to Africa’s old civilisation 2013). Nok individuals can be classified as conventionalists †they considered their way of life and customs significant and ensured that their kids likewise tailed them. For example, they used to set up their male youngsters for masculinity and ensured that the ladies followed their ‘female’ jobs instead of assuming control over the males’ position.

Mills Greatest Happiness Principles A Practical Guide to the Theory of Life

Life has consistently been a riddle to individuals. The mankind has been attempting to open this mystery all through its whole presence. Be that as it may, there has been next to no achievement up until this point. In any case, various speculations concerning life and standards of life have been generated. One of these speculations is utilitarianism.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Mill’s Greatest Happiness Principles: A Practical Guide to the Theory of Life explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The key rule of Utilitarianism as indicated by its originator, John Miller, is that the correct activity must trigger the joy of every one of those included. Nonetheless, utilitarianism is put together with respect to the given guideline, yet in addition on the purported â€Å"theory of life.†Exploring the given marvel, one can get somewhat nearer to finding the significance of life. Mill’s key ideas depend on the supposed â€Å"theory of life.† The last assumes that individuals ought to make progress toward joy and drive the experience of agony to least. Alican put it in the accompanying manner: â€Å"Pleasure, and opportunity from torment, are the main things alluring as ends.†1 At the given point, in any case, one may see that Mill’s hypothesis shares various things practically speaking with the customary hypothesizes of Hedonism. As per Alican, â€Å"In embodiment, at that point, Mill’s evidence is an endeavor to build up a hypothesis of significant worth, moral hedonism.†2 Indeed, if considering Mill’s hypothesis of life, one must concede that it assumes following certain moral standards while getting a charge out of life. By and by, it must be conceded that Miller’s hypothesis gets a great deal from Hedonism. Besides, Miller’s hypothesis of life is for all intents and purposes dependent on Hedonism. On the off chance that removing the ethical standards a nd the possibility that any activity ought to be focused on both the fulfillment of self and the fulfillment of others, one will get the Hedonist standards. Be that as it may, Mill’s hypothesis includes another doubtful and rather questionable component separated from the similitudes with Hedonism. To be increasingly careful, Mill denies the connection between moral hypothesis and good commitment. To begin with, Miller asks the perusers, â€Å"Does the conviction that ethical commitment has its seat outside the psyche make the sentiment of it too solid to even consider being got freed of?†3 In the given inquiry, Miller adheres to a meaningful boundary between the ethical standards and the human brain. Consequently, Mill addresses the connection between the good and the moral. Further on, Mill explains:Advertising Looking for article on reasoning? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It isn't important, for the current reason, to choose whether the sentiment of obligation is intrinsic or embedded. Expecting it to be intrinsic, it is an open inquiry to what objects it normally joins itself; for the rational supporters of that hypothesis are presently concurred that the natural discernment is of standards of profound quality, and not of the details.4 Thus, Mill determines the distinction between the good and the moral. Factory accepts that good is what is viewed as right by the general public. Then, moral, in Mill’s understanding, is the thing that an individual accepts to be correct. Accordingly, Mill likewise adheres to a meaningful boundary between the social and the individual. Subsequently, the hypothesis of life likewise isolates a person from the general public. By and by, I accept that Miller has the point. From one viewpoint, morals and good commitment are regularly viewed as something very similar. Then again, they frequently appear to be a mile away from one another. To exhibit my perspective, it is important to think about a particular case. For instance, if an incredibly needy individual takes something imperatively significant, similar to medication or food, for somebody similarly as poor, an ethical quandary shows up. An ethical commitment assumes that the cheat ought to be detained. From a moral stance, in any case, the criminal had a respectable thing as a primary concern when taking which implies that the hoodlum ought to be discharged. Along these lines, Miller appears to be directly about the contrast between moral hypothesis and good issue. What appears to be ethically intelligent isn't in every case morally right. There are various courses of activities for the case above. In any case, in either case, the contention between the good and the moral will be there. An individual should seriously mull over it moral to discharge the detainee. Be that as it may, as indicated by the laws of society, it is unethical to release the crook. While a few people consider that the given hypothesis moved toward gratification, Mill guaranteed that it was most certainly not. As indicated by Mill, gratification doesn't concentrate on the nature of the joy. In actuality, in Mill’s hypothesis, quality is the characterizing issue. Despite the fact that John Miller’s hypothesis has been concentrated completely, the importance of life despite everything stays darken. It merits offering credit to Miller, however. With the assistance of his hypothesis, he figured out how to build up a totally new reason for people’s connections. Besides, Miller figured out how to give a moral premise to his hypothesis. Simultaneously the last doesn't appear to be sermonizing, which merits appreciating.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Mill’s Greatest Happiness Principles: A Practical Guide to the Theory of Life explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Miller underscored the criticalness of a human life in deed. In any case, he made it in another and unpretentious way. The thinker made the hypothesis that permitted to set up totally new sort of human connections. Unselfish and focused on everyone’s fulfillment, utilitarianism perspectives appear to be an extremely curious thought. Reference List 1. Alican, N. F. Mill’s standard of utility: a guard of John Stuart Mill’s infamous verification. Atlanta (GA): Rodopi; 1994. 2. Alican, N. F. Mill’s guideline of utility: a resistance of John Stuart Mill’s famous confirmation. Atlanta (GA): Rodopi; 1994. 3. Plant, J. S. Utilitarianism. Cambridge, (MA): Longman, Green, Reader Dyer, 1871. 4. Factory, J. S. Utilitarianism. Cambridge, (MA): Longman, Green, Reader Dyer, 1871. This paper on Mill’s Greatest Happiness Principles: A Practical Guide to the Theory of Life was composed and put together by client Cailyn Cruz to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; nonetheless, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Common Act Essay Topics

Common Act Essay TopicsWhen you sit down to write your common act essay, you want to start out on the right foot. You don't want to worry about giving a very long and drawn out essay. You want to get it done fast. Here are some tips to help you with your common act essay topic.First, you want to make sure that the topic is original. If it is from an actual experience you may have had or a book you read, make sure you talk about it in a clear way. If you don't sound like you really have been through it, then you may lose the reader. Use a sentence completion tool and be sure to use it when writing your common act essay topic.Second, most common act essay topics are going to involve some sort of involvement. You may have been a child of someone who was in the military. You may have been in the military yourself and now are a civilian. Either way, you should always have some type of involvement in your topic.Third, some of the most common act essay topics are going to be romantic. These types of essays tend to work because there is usually some type of romantic history involved. You could write a lot about your first love or your first serious relationship.Fourth, always be careful what type of theme you choose. There are certain topics that are easy to write about such as animals or sports, but if you focus on something that is much more serious, like family, then you could lose readers.Fifth, focus on the writing as opposed to the particular topic. One of the best tips for you to follow is to choose your topic early on and stay true to it throughout your essay. If you do this, you will be able to come up with a great topic.Sixth, it can be helpful to come up with essay topics yourself. This may seem a little odd, but when you start writing your essay, you will want to think about what is important and will stick with it. Then when you are done, you will be able to put those ideas down in a coherent way that you can enjoy reading.By following these tips, you will be able to write a lot of common act essay topics. You just need to make sure that you are going to stick with the same theme each time. If you want to keep the same theme each time, make sure that you don't change the specific writing styles each time.

Oil Drilling free essay sample

No Oil Drilling In Protected Areas Oil, or oil, is a mind boggling blend of different hydrocarbons and rock minerals found underneath the earths surface. At the point when the oil is separated starting from the earliest stage is then refined into different gases or powers and as a crude material, it tends to be utilized to make plastic, pesticides and a lot more employments. Oil penetrating is a procedure of puncturing the earth’s surface and rock layers to remove non-renewable energy sources or oil for vitality creations. Oil is discovered everywhere throughout the world and it is bored in numerous nations. It is shaped from the natural rot of plants and creatures that existed a huge number of years back. In spite of the fact that oil is helpful yet penetrating it is usually connected with natural harms, as it requires the interruption and exhaustion of specific grounds and their assets. As oil develops scarcer, organizations search for additional spots to penetrate, and numerous presently have their eyes on ensured untamed life territories. We will compose a custom paper test on Oil Drilling or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In spite of the fact that boring oil in Belize could be valuable to the general public thusly it ought to be restricted from the secured regions since it will demolish the land, undermined imperiled species and loss of environments. Oil penetrating will make annihilation the land and contamination to the air. Penetrating regularly requires the development of streets, lodgings, oil derricks, and different structures, which can be unattractive and disturbs the creation and fruitfulness of the dirt, just as the seepage designs that structure normally inside it. This can effectsly affect plant development, as soil turns out to be either excessively dirtied or excessively wet or dry to help life. For the situation where there is an excessive amount of deforestation, this can prompts decimating regular natural surroundings and disintegration of the dirt making another test the land. At the point when oil is penetrated, it can bring about spills on the land. This oil spilled saturates hidden groundwater influencing us as people. Despite the fact that it is utilized to make powers and gases for us to make our life simple yet when these are singed, they discharges poisonous substances in the air which can be unsafe for nature and even us. Many imperiled species will be undermined in the ensured zones. These creatures and plants that live or are made sure about in the shielded territories are to be spared from elimination. We shouldn't wreck their homes and life. Subsequently there ought to be no oil boring in these secured territories. In the event that oil is penetrated, we will lose the magnificence of our property and influencing or slaughtering imperiled species. A few animal varieties relies upon different species for endurance. When the oil is siphoned to the surface, it once in a while prompts inadvertent spills and this can be unfavorable to natural life particularly imperiled species that are in the zones and annihilates their living space. Plants are secured with the oil when it is spilled and creatures that feed on these plants get contaminated harming inside their bodies driving them to death. Different creatures that feed on these tainted creatures likewise get contaminated. While other the oil adhere to their bodies, particularly fowls staying away from them to inhale or in any event, moving. Hence we should not permit oil to be penetrated in ensured zones since it influence creatures and plants life. Crushing ensured zones will bring about the loss of biological systems. Penetrating in secured untamed life territories can likewise disturb natural ways of life, as certain creatures can quit chasing and rummaging by benefiting from the garbage left by laborers. Food sources are cleared out in spills, implying that spilled oil covers and slaughters the widely varied vegetation as well as creatures that depend on them for food will likewise be influenced by starvation. At the point when predators are compelled to eat influenced food, they can become harmed from ingesting oil-drenched tissue. In spite of the fact that boring oil in Belize secured regions can be valuable to the general public yet it effectsly affects natural life, particularly our imperiled species and furthermore the earth. Oil penetrating tasks has impacts on people in the future. Regardless of the entirety of the utilizations that we have for oil, it tends to be unsafe to the earth and biological system. In this way with the end goal for us to keep up a perfect situation, we ought not be penetrating oil in secured zones however ensuring it for people in the future. Let us underscore on being earth well disposed and shielding nature from losing its excellence. References: * Oil. Reference book Britannica. Reference book Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010.

Important Essay Topics That Are Filled With Current Events

Important Essay Topics That Are Filled With Current EventsInterested in writing a current events essay topic? This is the most obvious way to get your students involved and engaged in your classroom activities. It will also be an excellent chance for your students to go beyond the basic political or news format and dig a little deeper. All you need to do is ask them what types of current events they are interested in covering.To help you decide what types of topics you should write about, you will want to gather a few opinions from your students. Ask them what types of events that interest them and which events they would be interested in covering on your paper. You may also want to talk to some of your other students to see what their opinions are on specific topics. It's great to get multiple viewpoints on the same topic.Another great way to engage your students in writing a current events essay is to encourage them to participate in a discussion about current events. You will want to be sure that this is included in the writing assignment as well. Ask them to take turns discussing what they have learned on each new topic. By doing this, you'll be able to gauge the interest in the topic and if it is something that your students want to pursue further on their own.How do you make the most of the writing assignment in terms of writing a current events essay? One great tip is to make sure that you let your students think for themselves and not try to dictate what they should write. Let them voice their opinions in class and let the professor have the final say on the topic of their paper.As you work through writing a current events essay, you will want to incorporate the idea of the current events in the lesson. You can create a story using real events as well as fictional events. The real events may include current events about current events.For example, if a student tells you that he/she found out that the president of a political party was on trial for fraud , you may want to research the case and relate it to the current events. You may also want to relate the fictional case of a politician to the current events. These stories and ideas should be fun for your students and give them something to talk about in class.Students love to discuss current events in class. They love hearing about the latest scandals, breaking news, and other exciting facts. If you use current events to talk about, your students will have a great opportunity to bring these ideas to life in the essay.As with any assignment, you need to stay focused when it comes to current events in your classroom. You don't want to overdo the writing assignment or make it seem like it's the whole semester. Focus on making it fun for your students and they will respect you for it. Just make sure that you have enough time to devote to writing a current events essay topic so that you can spend a lot of time engaging your students in conversation and discussion about current events.

Who Here Has A Pet - Free Essay Example

Let me start off by asking, who here has a pet? May it be a dog, or a cat, a bird or a mouse, maybe? Would you guys agree with me if I say that pets are like humans? They may not have that rational thinking but they do feel emotions like humans, right? Now, who here uses makeup, or skincare, or body care, even hair care, or just any beauty product? Well I do, I think everybody does. I am here to tell you a little something behind some of the products you are using. Animal Testing, or animal experiments, or animals used as test subjects to ensure the safety of a product, or forcing an animal to undergo experiments that would most likely cause them pain and suffering. Animal testing is animal cruelty. Imagine this, you are brutally used and abused, not given a chance to decide for your wellbeing, and couldnt say a word on that they have caused you. All youve got is extreme pain and suffering, and only hope that somebody, brave enough, could speak up for you. That is how experimental animals feel inside those testing laboratories. Has everybody taken their bath this morning? Has it ever crossed your mind that a lot of animals have been injured and suffering, ingredients being dropped into their eyes, just so that very shampoo you are using this morning could be safe for your scalp and skin and wont make you blind? When applying makeup, did you realize how painful it must be for the animals to have their shaved skin be applied with a cosmetic ingredient or be forced to eat or inhale this ingredient just to ensure that the makeup will be safe for your face? At this very moment, millions of animals are used as experiments with approximately 200,000 them used for cosmetic testing which are rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, and rats. Suffering in pain and loneliness inside their cages, waiting in fear for their next painful and terrorizing procedure that will be inflicted on them. Most procedures will likely cause them to die, and if not, they will undergo another experiment. Isnt this inhumane? Some people would agree with me that this is cruel, and some would oppose. Some would say that animal and humans are similar especially with body organs that perform the same way and thus, animals are effective models. But keep in mind that the human body is completely complex that no animal or living creatures have the same genes like the human does. It has said that billions of dollars are spent annually for animal testing where in fact almost only 40 to 60% of these experiments that was successful on animals, have a different reaction to humans. As a pet owner myself, I couldnt bear to imagine my pet suffering. What did animals ever do to us that they receive such pain? I dare you to do your part. Start supporting cruelty-free brands. You can go online and find tons of companies that are not testing on animals or you could just simply find the cruelty-free logo on the product. Educate others. Influence your family, friends, and together, lets end animal testing. Together, lets speak up for those who cant speak up for themselves.

Teaching Life Skills in the Classroom

Life skills  are the skills that children need to be eventually become successful and productive parts of their society. They are the kinds of interpersonal skills that allow them to develop meaningful relationships, as well as more reflective skills that allow them to see their actions and responses critically and become happier adults. For a long time, this kind of skills training was the province of the home or church. But with more and more children — typical as well as special needs learners —showing life skills deficits, its become more and more a part of school curriculum. The goal is for students to achieve transition: going from children in school to young adults in the world. Life Skills Vs. Employment Skills Politicians and administrators often beat the drum for teaching life skills as a pathway to employment. And its true: Learning how to dress for an interview, answer questions appropriately and be part of a team are useful for professional careers. But life skills can be more general — and fundamental — than that.   Heres a list of crucial life skills and suggestions for implementing them in the classroom: Personal Accountability Teach personal responsibility or accountability by setting up a clear framework for students work. They should know to complete learning tasks on time, hand in assigned work and to use a calendar or agenda for school and home assignments and longer-term projects.   Routines In the classroom, routines include class rules such as: follow directions, raise your hand before speaking, remain on task without wandering, work independently, and cooperate by following the rules. Interactions Skills to be addressed through a lesson plan include: listening to others in large and small groups, knowing how to take turns, contributing appropriately, sharing, and being polite and respectful during all group and classroom activities. At Recess Life skills dont stop during lesson time. At recess, crucial skills can be taught, such as sharing equipment and sports items (balls, jump ropes etc.), understanding the importance of teamwork, avoiding arguments, accepting sports rules, and participating responsibly. Respecting Property Students need to be able to care appropriately for both school and personal property. This includes keeping desks tidy; returning materials to their proper storage locations; putting away coats, shoes, hats etc. and keeping all personal items organized and accessible. While all students benefit from life skills curriculums, it is especially helpful for special needs children. Those with severe learning disabilities, autistic tendencies, or developmental disorders only benefit from day-to-day responsibility. They need strategies in place to help them learn the essential life skills. This list will help you set up tracking systems and work with students to enhance those necessary skills. Eventually, self-tracking or monitoring can be achieved. You may want to devise a tracking sheet for specific areas to keep the student focused and on target.

Desert Precipitation, Plant, and Animal Life

Deserts, also known as arid lands, are regions that receive less than 10 inches of precipitation a year and have little vegetation. Deserts occupy about one-fifth of the land on Earth and appear on every continent. Little Precipitation The little precipitation and rain that falls in deserts is usually erratic and varies from year to year. While a desert might have an annual average of five inches of precipitation, that precipitation may come in the form of three inches one year, none the next, 15 inches the third, and two inches the fourth. Thus, in arid environments, the annual average tells little about actual rainfall. What does matter is that deserts receive less precipitation than their potential evapotranspiration (evaporation from the soil and plants plus transpiration from plants equals evapotranspiration, abbreviated as ET). This means that deserts do not receive enough precipitation to overcome the amount evaporated, so no pools of water can form. benedek / Getty Images Plant and Animal Life With little rainfall, few plants grow in desert locations. When plants do grow, they are usually spaced far apart and are quite sparse. Without vegetation, deserts are highly prone to erosion since there are no plants to hold down the soil. Despite the lack of water, a number of animals call deserts home. These animals have adapted to not only survive, but to flourish, in harsh desert environments. Lizards, tortoises, rattlesnakes, roadrunners, vultures, and, of course, camels all live in deserts. Flooding in a Desert It doesnt rain often in a desert, but when it does, the rain is often intense. Since the ground is often impermeable (meaning that water isnt absorbed into the ground easily), the water runs quickly right into streams that only exist during rainfalls. The swift water of these ephemeral streams are responsible for most of the erosion that takes place in the desert. Desert rain often never makes it to the ocean, the streams usually end in lakes that dry up or the streams themselves just dry up. For instance, almost all of the rain that falls in Nevada never makes it to a perennial river or to the ocean. Permanent streams in the desert are usually the result of exotic water, meaning that the water in the streams comes from outside of the desert. For example, the Nile River flows through a desert but the rivers source in high in the mountains of Central Africa. Where Is the Worlds Largest Desert? The worlds largest desert is actually the very cold continent of Antarctica. It is the worlds driest place, receiving less than two inches of precipitation annually. Antarctica is 5.5 million square miles (14,245,000 square kilometers) in area. Outside of polar regions, Northern Africas Sahara Desert is the worlds largest desert at more than 3.5 million square miles (nine million square kilometers), which is slightly smaller than the size of the United States, the worlds fourth largest country. The Sahara stretches from Mauritania to Egypt and Sudan. What Is the Worlds Hottest Temperature? The worlds highest temperature was recorded in the Sahara Desert (136 degrees F or 58 degrees C at Azizia, Libya on September 13, 1922). Why Is a Desert so Cold at Night? The very dry air of the desert holds little moisture and thus holds little heat; thus, as soon as the sun sets, the desert cools considerably. Clear, cloudless skies also help to quickly release heat at night. Most deserts have very low temperatures at night. Desertification In the 1970s, the Sahel strip that stretches along the southern fringe of the Sahara Desert in Africa experienced a devastating drought, causing land that was formerly used for grazing to turn to desert in a process known as desertification. Approximately one-quarter of the land on Earth is threatened by desertification. The United Nations held a conference to begin discussing desertification in 1977. These discussions eventually resulted in the establishment of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, an international treaty established in 1996 to combat desertification.

Organ Transplant of Infants With Anencephaly Arguments...

Organ Transplant of Infants with Anencephaly: Anencephaly is described as neural tube defect that has severe limits on the lifespan of affected infants. The condition is likely to contribute to the failure of the neural tissue to an extent that it can completely close at the cephalic end of the neural system. This medical condition in infants tends to occur between the third and fourth week of a womans pregnancy resulting in the absence of the cerebral cortex though the brain stem remains intact. While the brain stem manages autonomic functions like blood pressure and heart rate, the cerebral cortex is in charge of functions like purposeful actions, memories, consciousness, and emotions. Infants with these conditions who are born alive tend to have a basic brain stem that can support reflex action like breathing as well as certain reactions to touch or sound. There are several arguments that have been raised regarding the use organs of anencephalic infants who are born alive to save the lives of other newborns. These arguments have emerged because of the consideration that infants with anencephaly are not persons. Arguments on the Use of Organs of Anencephalic Infants: According to the current medical ethics and state laws, human organs cannot be removed and used for transplant purposes until the donor is legally dead (Koukl, par, 2). The main reason for this logic is to prevent abuses even though every rule or rationale has certain exceptions. Anencephalic newbornsShow MoreRelatedIs Anencephaly A Congenital Neurological Disorder?1009 Words   |  5 PagesAnencephaly is a congenital neurological disorder characterized by absence of the cerebrum and cerebellum, as well as the top of the skull, resulting in exposure of the brain stem. Even though the brain stem is exposed this does not mean that the babies brain or head is completely missing. This is considered one of the more serious birth defects that a baby can have because they baby will never have the brain power to grow and become an adult. Many of these babies are exposed to various infectionsRead MoreEssay on Xenotransplantation3333 Wo rds   |  14 Pagesfaced with a growing list of patients awaiting transplants for organs that have failed, but there are not enough donors to meet these needs. Countries all over the world have a â€Å"human organ shortage† and the waiting lists for organ transplants only seem to grow longer (Melo 427). In the United States 62,000 patients needed a kidney, liver, or pancreatic transplant in the year 2001. Xenotransplantation, which refers to the transplantation of organs, cells, or tissues from animal species into humanRead MoreHuman Stem Cell Research : Ethical Dilemmas With The Utility Of Embryonic Stem Cells1879 Words   |  8 Pagesenvironmental conditions. However, the potential of an embryo is not limited to environmental conditions. An IVF embryo still has full potential if it is placed in the uterus of a mother. One can draw the conclusion that an embryo has full potential if we support the embryo in its development. In the case where an embryo’s developme nt is affected by external conditions, the mother may choose to have the embryo flushed out and placed in a surrogate mother, or attempt to somehow have the embryo develop insideRead More The Shift in Abortion Policy in the 1800s Essay5421 Words   |  22 Pagesby Horatio Storer in the late 1850s, used a campaign against abortion to establish the regular doctors as superior to the irregulars. If they could convince the public that abortion was wrong, they would be on a moral and ethical high ground. Support for Anti-abortion Campaign from the Media and Comstock The media, especially the New York Times, supported the anti-abortion campaign. Nativism played out in the medias portrayal of abortion doctors as immigrants, especially German Jews (Beisel

Functional areas in Tesco and Oxfam - 1531 Words

Functional areas in Tesco and Oxfam 1. Introduction In this report I am going to compare functional areas of two contrasting organisations Tesco and Oxfam. Tesco is aiming at achieving profit, investing and offerring services and products to customers.Oxfam is a non-profit organisation, helping people in crisis. Tesco is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer, it has stores in 14 countries across Asia, Europe and North America and is the grocery market leader in UK, where it has a market share of around 30%. Oxfam is an international confederation of 17 organisations working in 90 countries worldwide to find solutions to poverty and related injustice around the world. It helps to provide training, education and†¦show more content†¦Executive Director Winnie Byanyima appointed in May 2013) provides strategic guidance, support, expertise and coordination across the global organisation. 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God Is Good And Evil - 1451 Words

The naturally good world has been corrupted by evil, and a God is going to restore it to its nature. Apparently, the restoration is indeed obvious. It is shown through the everlasting teachings of kindness, harmony, and peace. Men are smart, but they are selfish and ignorant, making them unable to invent such moral teachings. Hence, those teachings, or Laws, are derived from an another source—God—who is perfectly selfless. Indeed, Christianity is sensical, for there are evidences that God is making changes in humanity. If there is a God, then who God is, by the way? Those who believe in God have always questioned the Supreme Being in whom they believed day by day. Eventually, they start to make the answers to their curiosity. The first†¦show more content†¦Similarly, all of the innocent Jews would be executed cruelly as Hitler treated them as if they had been devils. Or in a more Biblical context, had everyone agreed with the Romans’ perspectives that Ch ristians were evil, Christianity would not have existed. To this point, the Pantheists could argue that Vengeance should not be done because there is a God, who is beyond Good and Evil, tells human not to do so. If God was beyond Good and Evil, how would he decide which actions are good and bad. As he was neither Good nor Evil, he could judge any action was moral or immoral. For instance, he could say forgiveness is Good. At the same time, he could also declare Killing is good, for goodness and badness did not simply exist in him. If God was this way, no one would choose to follow him. In contrast, a Good God creates a Moral Law, which commands people to forgive and not to kill. Universally, everyone knows that killing is bad, and forgiveness is good, but why it is so? Killing is bad because such action goes against the direction of the Moral Law. 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Cross Culture Management of China and Brazil †Sample Assignment

Question: Describe about the Cross Culture Management of China and Brazil? Answer: 1.Introduction As the assignment is part of the continuous project of the previous work which was related to the culture differences between two China and Brazil. Here the discussion would be organisational culture and managerial culture between the above two nations (Chen et al. 2005). The work culture of these two is nations are poles apart and their managerial function is very much different from the other. The study will focus on the cross culture differences within their working environment. Apart from that, the study will also give importance to the managerial abilities and designations hierarchy process between the nations. 2.Organisationla culture of China and Brazil China As china is known for the socialist economy, employees and workers respect a strong leader. Orgnisationla culture of the China is traditional and are like family sorts where the boss is being patriarch of the company (Gudykunst, 2003). Employees within the organizational are looking up to their leaders and obeying the leaders of the company. Employees and workers are very much are keen to know who is doing what and each of their personal responsibility must be clear along with exact hierarchy structure within the company. The owner of the company is been very much responsible and accountable for the major decision making (M.H, 2007). Apart from that, the companies their generally are giving promotions and higher designations as per the seniority basis. With ages comes seniority within the existing working place and there is certain level of formality within the working environment. The group is very much important than the individual in china. A person is part of the number of societal groups, work family and school , community is basic assumption of the Chinese culture (Samovar et al. 2008). Within each of the group, He/She has number of obligations and expect the certain behaviours from them. The Chinese mythology and culture give importance to the e employees their extended family and describes the every single member importance within their working extended family (Sitaram et al. 1998). However, after the Globalization, the modern Chinese work environment is very much planned and develop around hierarchy. Only few executives and get the private or the separate offices places. Some of the major Real estate and fast food chain organization are using the American style of panel system within the working environment (Adair, 2010). One of the major reason for the real estate is following the American style of Organizational culture because real estate in the major cities are expensive , the size of individual work stations is small which is 5 by 5. Organisational Structure Total ($) Population 1338,612,968 Labour force 0-14years =20% 15-64 years =72% Above 65 years =8% Occupation Agriculture :40% Industry= 27% Services=33% Working population age Total 34 years Male: 34 yrs Female : 35 yrs GDP purchasing power 8.76 trillion GDP per capita 6500 Primary lanugae Chinese , mandarin, Cantonese, Wu, Minbel Xiang etc Internet users (2010) 298 million Cell phone users (2010) 634 million Table 1: Organisational Structure of China (Source: Bass, 2010, pp-123) Brazil Brazil work culture is very much friendly; open a one that easily accommodates many ethnicities. Designations and the hierarchy reflect the importance of the members in the business situations even though work is being carried out laterally more oftenly (Allen, 2009). Communication and conversations can be heated with the arguments and disagreements along with interruptions which are very much normal organizations cultural of Brazil. The work place in Brazil is frequently changing with the changing times. New companies like McDonalds and Banco Santander in Brazil are basically using lower height walls to promote the interactions and increase everyone access to give their feedback on the bigger decision makings (Barrett and Mayson, 2008). The general office life in Brazil remains hierarchical. Employees are communicating with their supervisors may be depend upon their educations level and as well as an employees level of security within its current designations. The government of the Brazil has made the working hours from 9am to 6pm (Bass, 2010). This can be adjusted with mutual adjustment between the workers and the owners. However, although Brazil has labour 95.21 million workforce but the brazilin companies are very much conceal about the attractions and retentions of the employees. Technology use is very much modern and stylish in new Brazilian offices. The Brazilian companies are basically judging the employees on their individual performance rather than team performance (Hunter, 2008). The individual intelligence is one of the key successes for the organization in the Brazil rather than team. Organisational Structure Total ($) Population 196,739,269 Labour force 0-14years =27% 15-64 years =67% Above 65 years =6% Occupation Agriculture :7% Industry= 26% Services=68% Working population age Total 29 years Male: 28 yrs Female : 39 yrs GDP purchasing power 2.024 trillion GDP per capita 10,200 Primary language Majorly Portuguese then Spanish, German, Italian , Japanese and English Internet users (2010) 65 million Cell phone users (2010) 151 million Table 2: Organisational Structure of Brazil (Source: Hao et al. 2012) 3. Managerial process of China and Brazil China The managerial cultures within the Chinese organization are based on the respect and follow the instruction in order to maintain the culture, trust and decorum within the workplace (Losey et.al, 2007). Questions about age, marital status and salary are some of the normal parts of exercises in order to getting know each other. A typical work station for the size of the individual work stations is very much small which 5 by 5 cubical surface is. The privacy within the Chinese workstation is very much less. This suggests that whatever the working labour are doing needed to be transparent in their process (Hunter, 2008). Depending upon the level of supervisors and the first level managers of the company gets same level of work stations as the people that report to them and will be get acquainted with each very well in future. For instance, Bank of China and Exim Bank of China employee move up to the hierarchy they will get slightly larger personal spaces with additional privacy and stora ge options (Bass, 2010). However, most of the companies do not maintain cubical form of work stations rather they develop benching system within their work stations. Benching increases the density and also offers lower real estate costs. Its linear set up also allows for easier cabling (Gong and Wang, 2009). In addition to that, Chinese companies treat their employees as their family and the decision made is in the superior level. While making the decisions no feedback is taken from the employees because owners feel they dont have enough experience in their field (Liu and Jiang, 2015). Figure 1: Sample of Chinese managerial structure (Source:(Malik, 2012, pp-19) The communication process used by the Chinese companies are own way communications. Apart from that group is more importance than the individuals in compare to the Brazil where the individual owners are created in order to create great leaders (Meira, 2014). Brazil Brazil managerial structure is very much modern and is based on two way communications. Brazilian companies will tend to be organised along with hierarchical lines with information flowing in a very much structured way (Parra et al. 2012). Most of key decision is made by the managerial level and higher along with feedback from the several board members and the mangers. Relationship are given key importance in this Latin culture, the owners/CEO and subordinates works hard to foster relationship based on the trust and respect for the personal dignity. Managers of the companies needed to be discussed their decision making to their subordinates in order take their feedback system (Tong, 2002). Country is very much fall under participative leadership style. The subordinates and the permanent employees can argue or the give their feedback which could be different from the decision has been made by the superior. Figure 2: Brazilian existing managerial structure (Source: Wallace, 2014, pp-200) Managers of the company shared their view for few hours together with the managers of separate departments before allotting the work to the respective departments. Office standardization and employee benefits are the two major agenda for the global organizations which may helps to develop standards which have used in other nations (Wang and Li, 2013). Brazilian companies are very much aware of the competitive global business environment. Therefore some of the companies Banco Santander are keeping the cross culture training in order maintain the attitude of the exiting employee towards the other nationality employees same. Brazilin companies hires the international top ten management graduates in order to secure a position on the great places to work and best companies to work for (Zhou, 2005). This is major tool used by the companies to recruit and retain the employees. The above the organizational structure shows that, managers of the companies are very much separated as per the dep artment and modern. 4.Theories on Cross culture management Cross culture management theories will help to shed light on the certain parameters which will helps to gain and assess the parameters to measures the organizational tool. Adler Cross culture tool Adler has developed the first holistic theory of personality, psychopathology and psychotherapy that was ultimately connected to the humanistic philosophy of living. The Adler theories explain that when the employees feel encourages, they feel capable and appreciated and are generally acted in a connected and cooperative way (Kim, 2008). When the employees are discouraged felt to unhealthy to act and compete to withdraw or giving up. Adlerian theory and practice have proven especially productive as applied to growth and development of children. Adlerians theories states that, in order to maintain peace and harmony within the company , cross culture psychology to focus on the people efforts are to be made in order to reduce the inferiority among the different culture employees (Adler et al. 2001). Adlerian theory is based on the certain philosophies such as: Unity of individuals: Some of the major psychotherapy like thinking, feeling and emotions and behvaiour can only be understood as subordinate to the individuals style of life or consistent pattern of dealing with life (Gardner and Cogliser, 2009). The individuals or organizational structure is not internally divided within the battle ground of conflicts forces. Each of them poses certain points in the same directions. Goal orientations: The goal orientations shows that, there is one central personality dynamics which helps the cross culture employees to derive growth and forward movement of life itself (Adler et al. 2001). It helps to shape up the future orientation by striving towards goals of significance, superiority and the success. Self determinations and Uniqueness: With the help of real goals and objectives the bring out the creative power of individuals and is consequently unique. Usually, individuals are not fully aware of their goals (Kellett et al. 2002). With the help of leaders instructions, coping patterns and previous memories the employees tries to infer the goals as their working hypothesis. The feeling of community: Each human being has the capacity for learning to live in harmony within their working stations. Within the working station, each people are needed to communicate and be friends show that working structure become more productive and help to benefit in achieving the larger goals (Kim and Brymer, 2011). Autocratic leadership style As noted by Mulnix (2013), autocratic leadership form of style is very much result oriented and the entire decision making is done by the senior member of the organization in order to maintain the peace and harmony within the organizational culture. China strictly follows the Autocratic form of leadership with their organizational structure. Autocratic leadership can be very much beneficial in managing the conflicts and the working as per the owner will (Bel, 2010). In order to fulfill the deadline, decorum and strong leadership, autocratic form of leadership is required. Most of the manufacturing companies in China are running the autocratic form of leadership. As china is known as the production nations worldwide , it has been found that, autocratic form of leadership shows that , company is able to manage and control the diversify work culture within the organizations. However, autocratic form of leadership is very much strict and is very much outdated for of leadership style (Changingminds.org, 2015). Too much of scrutiny and too much of inspection makes the life of the worker more miserable. Being an effective leaders means being very intentional about the when and how demand are made on team performance. Delegation of leadership style Here the decision making is based on the employees feedback and they have high willingness and high ability to approach things. Leaders should rely on delegating when the follower can do the job and is motivated to do it (Chen et al. 2007). Leaders here delegates the leadership within the subordinate in order to give them confidence and create sense of loyalty towards the organizations. This helps to reduce the organizational conflicts among the cross culture MNC. Brazil uses delegation of authority form of leadership that has made the country to grow more in recent times (Brown et al. 2008). However, delegation of authority increases the time of decision making which will hamper productivity and profitability of the company. There has been ample evidence which shows, delegation authority is modern approach and better than autocratic form of readership but it is very much beneficial in army and manufacturing industries (Bel, 2010). Followers of the delegation of authority needs less support and are been frequently been praised because of the individual performance. The delegation authority leadership falls in to the category of participative and transformational for of leadership which would help to increase the company productivity (Kim and Brymer, 2011). 5. Similarities between the organizational Culture and managerial culture of the Brazil and China Some of the major similarities between the two major nations within their organizational culture are given below : One of the major similarities is both of the nations are developing at the higher speed. Both of the nations organizational culture is different but the modern of office is based on 5 by 5 cubical form of stations (Kellett et al. 2002). Both of the nations have horizontal form of organization culture and structure. China and Brazil have very little difference in way of handling the stress management within their organizations via giving adequate training and development to their respective employees (Economywatch.com, 2015). Brazil and China are both have hierarchical form of structure which consist of manager and the owner along with sub departments (Old.caba.org, 2010). Both of the national people are very much looking for the job security rather than designations. Both of the nation are giving higher priority to the education and as per the specialization places the employees within the organization structure in order increase their productivity (Brown et al. 2008). Both of nation are very particular about the decision making. Both of nations are very much uses transactional form of leadership in manufacturing industries in to reduce the error within the manufacturing of goods and services (Kim, 2008). Since both of the nation are developing at rapid speed both of them should look to manage and control their form of organization which will helps to tackle reduce the managing the cross culture. Apart from the above, managing the relationship between employees is one of the most important parts of the managerial functions (Zhou, 2005). Relations and communication between the employees keeps via face to face or via socializing during training and development is general form of managing the relationship between the employees. 6. Difference between Managerial culture and organizational culture of Brazil and china There are various differences between the nations between their organisational culture and managerial culture such as : In Brazil major populations are into the service who is very much part of the decision making. Permanent employees and the managers can be get into the argued or heated communication which is general practice in Brazil (Wang and Li, 2013). However, In China , most of the decision making are made by the leaders which are eventually an owner of the company. Chinese people are very much used to following the steps of leaders. China follows the one way communication only to direct what to do and what no to do. This has led to decrease the periodicity of the labour and discourages the employees confidence (Tong, 2002). However, Brazil strictly follows the tow way communication within the organization culture which has increase the productivity bit also increased the conflicts. Brazil follows the participative form of leadership which to give the decision making power to the manager and the team leader whereas the Chinese follows the autocratic form of leadership style where the entire major decision making would be taken by the owner or the entrepreneur (Changingminds.org, 2015). China believes in group form of working style whereas the Brazil belies individual wonder. Most of the companies like Banco Stander and Acesita steel are using the individual intelligence in using to make the future leaders for the nations (Chen et al. 2007). Chinese organizational structure suggests that, employees are given their promotion as per their seniority basis within their organisations. However, Brazil managerial structure suggest that, promotion and designation is given on the basis of the employees intelligent and their performance (Economywatch.com, 2015). Priorities the cultural values for the Brazilian and Chinese Brazil Chinese Freedom Belonging Independence Group Harmony Self reliance Collectiveness Equality Age /seniority Individuals Group consensus Competitions Co-operations Efficiency Quality Time Patience Directness Indirectness Openness Adaptable Conclusion From the above study, it has been found that, both Brazil and China are growing nations are part of the BRIC nations. Both them ahs their different form of organizations culture as per the engage of labour forces which is largely is based on service sector for Brazil with 68% and china is major population in manufacturing and the agriculture. The work culture of China is very much based on the traditional style and also follows the autocratic form of leadership style. On other hand, Brazil is been using the participative form of leadership and are modern in a sense of leadership. Apart from that, both of the nations are keen in managing the relation between the employees stronger. Both nations have different approaches in terms of giving the promotions china gives the promotion on the basis of seniority basis whereas the Brazil gives the promotion on the basis of the performance of the employees. Reference List Books Chen, G.-M. ,and Starosta, W. J. (2005). Foundations of intercultural communication. Lanham, MD: UPA. Gudykunst, W. B. (Ed.). (2003). Cross-cultural and intercultural communication. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's consequences (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Kulich, S. J. , ed. , H. (2007). Intercultural perspectives on Chinese communication. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press Samovar, L. A. , Porter, R. E. , and McDonald, E. R. (2008). Intercultural communication: A reader (12th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Sitaram, K. S. , ed. , Prosser, M. H. (Eds.). (1998). Civic discourse: Multiculturalism, cultural diversity, and global communication. Westport, CT: Ablex. Adair, J. (2010) Strategic Leadership: How to Think and Plan Strategically and Provide Direction. 5th ed. London: Kogan Page. Allen, D. (2009) Leadership and Teamwork Essays. 6th ed. London: McGraw-Hill Education. Barrett, R and Mayson, S. (2008) The founding fathers on leadership. 4th ed. London: McGra-Hill Higher Education. Bass, B. (2010) The Bass handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications. New York, NY: Simon Schuster. Hunter, L., (2008). Games and Activities That Teach . 2nd ed. USA: South-Western Cengage Learning. Losey, M., et.al. (2007) The future of leadership management. 4th ed. London: McGra-Hill Higher Education. Losey, M., et.al., (2007). The future of leadership management. 7th ed. Bedford, London: Thomson Learning. Journals Gong, X. and Wang, X. (2009). Analysis of Industrial Organizational Structure of West China. IJBM, 3(1). Hao, Q., Kasper, H. and Muehlbacher, J. (2012). How does organizational structure influence performance through learning and innovation in Austria and China. Chinese Management Studies, 6(1), pp.36-52. Liu, G. and Jiang, C. (2015). Net-structure-based conditions to decide compatibility and weak compatibility for a class of inter-organizational workflow nets. Science China Information Sciences. Malik, T. (2012). Non exclusive attention structure for inter organizational knowledge flow and performance of the pharmaceutical firm. 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The effects of ethical leadership on manager job satisfaction, commitment, behavioral outcomes, and firm performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 10201026. Mulnix, M. W. (2013) Small Business Entrepreneurship: Utilizing Open Systems Structure to Gain Global Market Share, Journal of Leadership and Organizational Effectiveness, 1(1), 3-49 Bel, R. (2010), Leadership and Innovation: Learning from the best, Global Business Organisational Excellence [online], 29, 2, pp.47-60 Brown, M. E., Trevio, L. K. and Harrison, D. A. (2008) Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97, 117-134. Chen, G., Kirkman, B. L., Kanfer, R., Allen, D., and Rosen, B. (2007) A multilevel study of leadership, empowerment, and performance in teams, Journal of Applied Psychology, 92: 331-346 Websites Changingminds.org, (2015). Hall's cultural factors. 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Project Management Purchase and Renovation

Question: Discuss about the Project Management for Purchase and Renovation. Answer: Introduction The identification and implementation of the different activities in the project are essential for integrating the project components in a holistic manner. Effective management while ensuring the budget and schedule of the undertaken project is essential for achieving the success of the project. This particular project deals with the renovation of a deteriorating three bedroom house. This particular project aims at evaluating the pricing and cost estimation processes followed in the undertaken project. Identification of cost elements The entire project cost is dependent on the various deliverables conducted throughout the project. The deliverable for the purchase and renovation of a deteriorating three bedroom house is further sub-divided into specific work packages and tasks. Kerzner, (2013) defined the cost elements as the particular resources required to complete the task. The identified cost elements for this particular project are: Materials Labor Total Replace 4 main carrying beams in basement and 12 floor Joyce's 1000 1000 2000 Install new footings as required by building codes 1000 1000 2000 Frame propose master bedroom above kitchen and dining area 4000 4000 8000 Roof framing as needed, flashing and window sill metal cover or repair rotted exterior 2500 2500 5000 Electrical for new master bedroom and kitchen expansion and upgrading smoke, outlets, switches, and light fixtures 3000 4000 7000 Install new master bathroom 2500 2500 5000 Install new HVAC system 4000 4000 8000 Insulate walls drywall and plaster and paint 4000 4000 8000 Expand kitchen and siding to match 1000 1500 2500 Install new construction windows, renovation of kitchen, install appliances (range, oven, fridge line, dishwasher) 9000 3000 12000 Install 1 slider and 2 exterior doors 1500 1200 2700 Drywall and plaster living and dining room walls only and paint 1250 1600 2850 Build new two-car garage per plans 6500 5000 11500 Build new wrap around deck to rear of house and repair front steps per plans 2500 2500 5000 Significance of project estimation and project pricing While undertaking the project for the purchase and renovation of a deteriorating house, the most significant aim of the project manager is to deliver the project within allocated time and resources (Rosemann, Brocke, 2015). Accurate estimation of the project cost assists the project manager in developing a robust project plan along with the work breakdown structure and schedule that needed to be followed in the project. Since the project was developed with the cooperation of different contractors; it was essentials for the project manager to develop the pricing. The pricing of the project is essential for determining the effective and robust business decision by the project sponsor. The development of the project pricing assists the project stakeholders to have a clear idea of the charge required for different product and services outsourced by the project manager. In this particular project, the project pricing has allowed the chief financial in providing an accurate budgeting of the project. Furthermore, the through the help of the pricing and cost estimation, the project manager can hire the contractors and employees according to the need of the project and provided financial resources (Khodakarami, Abdi, 2014). Pricing process, labor distribution, pricing out work, and the low bidder dilemma Pricing Process: Devaux, (2015) defined pricing as one of the dynamic and complex process related to the project management. The application of the project pricing in the renovation project has assisted the project manager in balancing the different stakeholders associated with the project. In the renovation of the three bedroom house project, the pricing process helps the project manager in determining the work-breakdown structure required for the project. Due to the unique nature of the renovation project, the pricing of the project included the contract cost of the different stakeholders, overhead profit, material cost, and legal document bidding. Labor Distribution: For the distributing the labor cost in the project, the project manager distributed the man-hour according to the lowest pricing element in the work breakdown structure in the project (Aliverdi, Naeni, Salehipour, 2013). In addition to that, the man-hours are distributed for the renovation in the time-phased events in the renovation project. The labor rate is estimated based on predicted salary of the 12 months work in the project. Apart from that, in various short duration tasks like expanding carrier beams and installing sliders in kitchen and bathroom, the labor cost is estimated depending on the effort provided to complete the task. Pricing Out Work: For the pricing out process in the renovation project, the project manager has scheduled the activities and WBS according to the lowest pricing units and performance required in the different activities of renovation (Yet et al., 2015). In the later part, the cost estimation of the project was rolled up for meeting the actual requirement of the renovation project. In addition to that, the potential impact of the different facilities like the renovation of the bedrooms, kitchens and house are analyzed on the basis of the equipment, money, and people available in the project. In addition to that, all the allocations of the resources are managed and monitored properly while conducting each task in the renovation project. While handling the final cost of the project, the chief financial manager approves the cost allocated to the each activity and resources in the project. Low Bidder Dilemma: According to Mir, and Pinnington, (2014), the low every project manager has to overcome the low bidder's dilemma while selecting the contractor for the project. For this particular renovation project, the project manager had to contract for site preparation, fencing and parking in the deteriorating three bedroom house. For overcome the low-bidding dilemma, the project manager should avoid price as the selecting criteria for the project (Wilson, 2015). In addition to that, while outsourcing the contractors, the project manager should access the competence of the contractors while accepting the bidders. Furthermore during conducting the renovation project, the project manager needs to evaluate the effectiveness of the contractors. Direct and Indirect Impact of the Cost elements over the project Estimation of the cost elements in the renovation project is considered as one of the critical tasks that determine the success and completion of the project (Hwang, Ng, 2013). The accurate estimation of the cost elements in the renovation project has the potential to successfully implement the integrated task in the project. In addition to that, the cost elements provide an overview of the total budget required for completely renovating the three bedroom house. The incorrect estimation of the cost elements along with the budget has the potential to hinder the progress of the project. If any cost element has been estimated with high cost than required, the project will become over budget. On the other hand, the low estimation of the cost of the element will lead the project to under budget and renovate will not be properly done. Khataie, and Bulgak, (2013) showed that if any significant element has been missed from the cost element estimation, the project will fail to meet the scope of the renovation project. Conclusion In this particular project, it has been found that the estimation of the accurate cost elements in the renovation of the three bedroom house is the significant driving force for successfully developing and conducting the project. The schedule ad WBS structure of the project is dependent on the correct estimation of the cost element. Correctly addressing the pricing out work and low bidder dilemma in the renovation project assist the project manager in conducting the project within allocated time and resources. References Aliverdi, R., Naeni, L. M., Salehipour, A. (2013). Monitoring project duration and cost in a construction project by applying statistical quality control charts. International Journal of Project Management, 31(3), 411-423. Devaux, S. A. (2015). Total project control: a practitioner's guide to managing projects as investments. Total project control: a practitioner's guide to managing projects as investments. Hwang, B. G., Ng, W. J. (2013). Project management knowledge and skills for green construction: Overcoming challenges. International Journal of Project Management, 31(2), 272-284. Kerzner, H. R. (2013). Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Khataie, A. H., Bulgak, A. A. (2013). A cost of quality decision support model for lean manufacturing: activity-based costing application. International Journal of Quality Reliability Management, 30(7), 751-764. Khodakarami, V., Abdi, A. (2014). Project cost risk analysis: A Bayesian networks approach for modeling dependencies between cost items. International Journal of Project Management, 32(7), 1233-1245. Mir, F. A., Pinnington, A. H. (2014). Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success. International Journal of Project Management, 32(2), 202-217. Rosemann, M., vom Brocke, J. (2015). The six core elements of business process management. In Handbook on Business Process Management 1 (pp. 105-122). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Wilson, R. (2015). Mastering Project Time Management, Cost Control, and Quality Management: Proven Methods for Controlling the Three Elements that Define Project Deliverables. FT Press. Yet, B., Constantinou, A. C., Fenton, N., Neil, M., Luedeling, E., Shepherd, K. (2015). Project Cost, Benefit and Risk Analysis using Bayesian Networks. Under review.

How to Use a Communication Essay Sample to Improve Your Writing Skills

How to Use a Communication Essay Sample to Improve Your Writing SkillsIf you're looking for a good way to improve your writing skills, writing an essay should be one of the first things that come to mind. You may be a recent college graduate or maybe you've been writing essays for many years now.You have probably seen several different communication essay sample that look great and just need a little tweaking in order to make them truly memorable. The good news is that a lot of your writing skills are already present because you have probably been using basic formatting and punctuation rules to get the job done.There are plenty of tips that you can use to polish up any essay and improve it. Since most college essays today include at least a chapter on critical thinking outside the box, it is important to bring these skills into your work.A good way to do this is to first turn your essay into a communication essay sample. While the structure of a communication essay sample may not be like the structure of an actual essay, it will still allow you to use the same set of skills that you would use to write an essay. After you have written your essay, turn it into a communication essay sample and see how the words move and how your paragraphs come together.With this step, you will actually be able to learn more about writing a relevant communication essay sample. Once you see how the rest of the essay comes together, you will be able to learn what to include in your own essay. If you have not used a communication essay sample before, you can try editing it to see if there are any areas that are too dry or not conversational enough.This will give you an idea about what to do to make the communication essay sample better. It will also help you realize where you may need to improve and become more conversational.This may sound complicated but the more you think about it, the easier it will become. As long as you follow the rules of grammar and punctuation, you will be f ine. Make sure that you actually read the communication essay sample before you go on to make any changes.

Bed 10 free essay sample

1. What was the overall theme of the book in relation to nursing? I think the overall theme of Bed Number Ten is to uncover the truth behind what can and really does happen today in the hospital setting as well as long term care units. Most of the time care givers in general underestimate the seriousness of caring of other human beings. 2. Was nursing portrayed in an overall negative or positive manner? I thought nursing was portrayed in a positive and negative manner. Some negative manners in this book that was portrayed: 1. nurses not educated on a unfamiliar disease 2. ack of awareness, clarification and brainstorming 3. lack of communication between doctors, ending up in duplicate labs and x-rays 4. violation of HIPPA regulations Some positive manners in this book that was portrayed: 1. Ginnie one of the physical therapist, going above the call of duty by coming in on her off shifts every Sunday evenings to care for Sue. We will write a custom essay sample on Bed 10 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (pg 239) 2. the nurse in Dr. Lohman’s office allowing Bill to read a paragraph in a medical book about Guillain-Barre syndrome. (pg 25) 3. building patient and nurse trust relationships 3. Reaction of Sue’s husband. What a faithful, loving, caring, thoughtful, selflessness and very attentive man he was to his wife’s needs. He became very active throughout her whole hospital stay coming up with a call bell for assistance from staff, meeting with Dr. Lohmann on a regular basis, taking over the house finances, praying with her, faithfully visiting with her sometimes twice a day. He became a single parent within weeks and became very involved in his two daughters lives continuing to keep prior engagements. 4. A few health problems encountered were lack of bedside manners, communication from doctors, nurses and physical therapists. Lack of knowledge of patient diagnosis. 5. My personal reaction if I received this type of nursing care that Sue received would not have been good. When I became able enough to return back to Gulfland Hospital I would have made an appointment with the manager of the ICU department to tell of my experience. Not to get anyone fired but to inform the manager of much needed education on unfamiliar diseases. 6. I do have a personal family experience that relates to the content of this book. I have an older sister who has MS. She was diagnosed at the age of 22, she is now 53. Praise God! It was very hard decision to place her in long term care. It was the best decision because she needed nursing care 24 hours 7 days a week. Since I am the only sibling in the medical field I became the family spoke person. 7. Reading this book has impacted my nursing future career by waking up the dogma in me. I have became more perceptive in my nursing cares by listening more to my patients fears, investigate the meaning of what my patient says and using more open-ended statements or questions. This is a much needed assignment for all nursing students especially early in the program as nursing 100.

Indian Law and Karma essays

Indian Law and Karma essays Indian society operates under two very different systems of law, one ancient, cyclical and metaphysical in nature, and the other modern, statutory, and civil, being grounded in the tradition of English common law as established during the imperial period of the Raj. The one system has jurisdiction over eternal matters of life, death and rebirth, and over social status and obligation in the sphere of earthly existence. The other, Western-based system is familiar to us through the institutions of a local, state and federal judiciary, presided over by a high court that dispenses justice according to the laws and proceedings of a formal, independent and constitutional system. India's independent judicial system originated under the British imperial regime, and today its concepts and procedures resemble those of Anglo-American countries also grounded in common law.(Lingat, 1973) India's chaotic legal system is, however, something of an impediment to the country's economic and political unity. Derived variously from the constitution, statutes, customary law and case law, it is largely based on English law as it existed under British colonial rule. While U.S. or U.K. law have been revised several times since World War II, India's has not been overhauled once. While certain areas have been adapted and modernized, the body of law as a whole is arcane and outdated, confused by updates and revisions, and circumnavigated with regulations and bureaucracy. Indian courts have jurisdiction over most economic and political transactions, regardless of their nature. At the apex of the entire judicial system is the Supreme Court of India in New Delhi. It has original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction and is empowered to issue directions, orders or writs, and to enforce them. Supreme Court judges are appointed by the president of India and remain in office until the age of 65. At the next level is the High Court, of which there is one in each stat...

The Telegraph and the Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Telegraph and the Internet - Essay Example In both cases, this linking of two users led to the development of a complex network of wired channels linking different geographical areas of countries and ultimately the whole world. In case of both the revolutions, the pioneers were rewarded with unprecedented levels of wealth. Technology: Recurring themes can be observed, as far as the communication technology is concerned. Due to the wired technology of the telegraph, it became necessary to invent a coded method like the Morse Code (a binary system of dots and dashes), which would facilitate transmission of information, as was the need of those times. The technology used by Internet also has an essentially similar design philosophy, though much more advanced. The system of nodes as intermediate transfer points for the complex networks of the telegraph system, similarly relate to the modern Internet connectivity. Another factor common to both technologies is the slowdown due to information overload. Development phase: The rise and spread of the population to far flung areas, and an increase in business and industrial activity resulted in the development of efficient transport systems such as railways. ... The governments utilized this innovation for better control of military and political matters, whereas the businesses could covert larger and larger geographical areas into one marketplace. In both cases, the subsequent entrants in the customer base were individuals, who brought along with them good and bad impact of human issues. Hacking or disruptive activities and misinformation about the operational capabilities are the common negative aspects about the social impact. On the positive side, personal issues like online chatting, romance and love over the wires, and even conclusion of marriage contracts are the common features of the personal applications of both, the telegraph and the Internet. Impact of the telegraph on New Journalism: The meaning of New Journalism: The term 'New journalism' as it is understood today, was codified by Tom Wolfe in a collection of journalism articles he published in 1973. Though it is not fiction, and it maintains elements of reporting, including strict adherence to factual accuracy, New Journalism often brings some features not originally found in news papers, but rather in magazines. The features identified by Wolfe are: elements of story telling, dialogue in full, first person point of view, and recording every day details. In effect, New Journalism differs from traditional journalism, by accommodating the element of entertainment in the original factual content. The influence of the telegraph: The origins of this shift towards New Journalism can be traced back to the invention and adoption of the electric telegraph in the nineteenth century. During that period, great changes were taking place in the society. The telegraph was instrumental in changing the

Human Resources Recruiter Career Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Human Resources Recruiter Career - Term Paper Example This career study will help current MCC students to find the career that is the most suitable to their personality, interests, and skills, using Holland’s Personality Type model. The report also provides all detailed information regarding the particular career of their choices such as required education, skills, experience, current and future job opportunities, work environment, work conditions, salary, and benefits. The career study project also summarizes all gathered information for each HR recruiter career level in an easy-to-read summary table for a quick reference. Sources of the information are listed in the summary table as well. This report targets students with Conventional Holland’s Personality Type Model, who would be suitable for the career of HR recruiter. This personality type has excellent organizational skills and prefers building relationships across diverse cultures and backgrounds. To evaluate the suitability of this career, the following topics were researched using current government and internet sources: The information regarding the career of HR recruiter is divided into the following categories: 1. Conventional type person likes being precise, orderly, organizing, and paying attention to details, so a bachelor’s degree in labor relations, personnel, and human resources are helpful and a good knowledge of labor law is an asset. 2. Examples of the required skills are: effective oral and written communication skills, relationship building skills, excellent computer skills in a Microsoft Windows environment, ability to work independently with minimal supervision, database management and record keeping skills, excellent interpersonal and teaching skills, excellent organizational skills, data and information analysis skillfully, and active listening skills. These skills match with the abilities most conventional personality type students posses, so the suitability for this career is excellent. 3. The current and future jo b opportunities should be above average. That is adequate for candidates with conventional personality type. 4. The work environment and conditions of an HR recruiter should fit the conventional personality type. This personality type prefers business-detail, traditional office settings with rewards, conformity, and dependability. 5. The salary and benefits should be adequate given the education and the work tasks required. The earned salary should be average or above average. The conventional personality type person does possess management skills with no risk exposure so the salary and benefits are adequate.

Economics and Prostitution Essay Example for Free

Economics and Prostitution Essay Introduction: The word â€Å"prostitution† has always confused the minds of people for years. Constant attempts to solve this existing problem have not really given any positive results. For some time the problem was obviously ignored by the government as if it completely did not know what to do with it. In the beginning of the XXI century a prostitute has become one of the most ordinary goods that the market can offer. It is also necessary to mention that the demand on prostitution is constantly growing due to several factors worth of separate analysis. Prostitution has always been â€Å"covered† from the eyes of citizens as is has always been unacceptable. Nevertheless, the problem does not disappear and in fact it becomes even more â€Å"sharp† with time. Of course it is easier to pretend like there is no enormous amount of women and men that have no other way to survive but offering sexual services. Basically, the Law of Canada has not done anything good enough to solve the problem in any way, except causing vagueness in the understanding  of what is legal and illegal in terms of sexual services. Prostitution has a lot to do with the economy, as it is not only its â€Å"dark† side but also the potential legal income, which is always needed so much. So what is prostitution? Does it need economical stimulation or should it be completely prohibited or ignored? And should the economical approach be used to prostitution at all? Prostitution is not and will never be a standard job and this is something that is to be never forgotten. 2. Choosing prostitution as a â€Å"career† opportunity? Read more: Reasons for Prostitution The most horrifying thing about prostitution is that it has become not just a way to make money for starving and homeless people but also a â€Å"career† opportunity for the young generation. Why do our children have to grow up with the notion that prostitution is a source of getting money and surviving in this world? The contemporary world lives under certain regularities. A man has to get a job that will provide him or her with a sufficient amount of money in order to maintain a normal living. So if a person does not have enough knowledge to get this or that job he or she always has another opportunity to prostitute himself or herself. Prostitution as a primitive was of making money; it is a problem that prevents the society from its perfection and development. Prostitution is obviously a negative phenomenon, demoralizing the society but is has actually become a â€Å"job† for many men and women and this fact cannot remain unnoticed. 2.a. Definition of prostitution Prostitution does exist and it an unchallengeable fact. It existed since ancient times in different countries, with different social-political statuses. A prostitute is a person who provides sexual services in exchange for money. In other words it is a person who offers sex and gets paid for it. Nevertheless, none of the people providing this type of services are performing a business activity. It is usually believed that prostitutes are women; nevertheless men play an important part in prostitution as an object of high demand, too. Anyhow it is very hard to give a definition to prostitution as a profession, because prostitutes do not pay taxes and do not receive any pension while on retirement. Prostitution is not illegal in Canada and this fact puts it in a very uncertain position in terms of possible â€Å"career opportunities† for the young generation. It is legal to  sell services but it is illegal to buy them – this statement makes many people bewildered. One th ing is certain for sure: prostitution – is an act of selling a person’s body for further sexual services for material compensation. 2.b. Danger of the oldest profession Choosing prostitution as a profession is not rational. Yes, it does bring income and the demand is always high. But what will a prostitute remain with at the threshold of the pension age? This is one of the reasons that many people such as the criminologist Dr. John Lowman argue in favor of its legalization1. Prostitution is considered as a potential source of renewing the budget of Canada. But there are also other reasons for not becoming a prostitute except the tax-pension side of the issue. Many of the prostitutes simply disappear and often become the victims of violence. According to the statistics â€Å"90 percent had been physically assaulted in prostitution and 78 percent had been raped in prostitution†2. Prostitutes do not get the protection the representatives of standard professions do. They can also be the cause of spreading of venereal diseases due to the fact of absence of a proper medical checkup. This â€Å"dangers† put prostitution in the position of the â€Å"risk zone† occupation. No one will argue that choosing an occupation with high risks is not rational at all. 3. Economical approach to prostitution Prostitution is legal in Canada. But it is only formally, because â€Å"pimping and operating or being found in or working in a â€Å"bawdy house† (every place where one or more prostitutes regularly work or where â€Å"indecent acts† are performed) are not†3. Criminal Code sections 210 and 211 forbid â€Å"Bawdy houses† and section 212 foresees responsibility for living on the avails of the prostitution of a person. How should the economical approach be applied to prostitution? Canada’s Justice has put prostitution in a position where is has to be done in certain places without any publicity or in other words it has to respect the moral abutments of the society. If prostitution is to be viewed as a type of â€Å"profession† than it is put on the same level with other taxpayers such as teachers, lawyers and many others. The application of the economical approach means that prostitution has to have a legal status. SO this makes us view prostit ution as a business. A business  activity is an independent activity directed to a systematic income arrival from property use, selling goods, work execution or rendering services registered and stated by Law. So prostitution is a systematic income obtained from rendering a service. Prostitution gets the possibility to exist illegally from the gaps in the Law and the Canadian Law with its semi-legalization does not make it easier to define the status of prostitution in the country. If prostitution is legal than prostitutes have to be 18 years old and have the right to medical and social security. At the same time they have to pay the monthly income tax, which will make the profession less profitable, then it is now. 3.a. Prostitution and economy. The existance of prostitution in Canada still can be explained form the point of the economic approach for Canada has a market-based economy. According to the economic approach both of the sides have to be in profit. Demand gives birth to supply and in this terms prostitution is just the reaction of the high demand of sexual services. So it is about the morality of the society in the first place. Third parties should be completely eliminated from this â€Å"deal†. These third parties, known as â€Å"pimps† or even sex-firms are the ones to be persecuted. Sex-workers have become an integral part of Canada’s society and they even form alliances such as the Sex Worker’s Alliance of Vancouver. The amount of money obtained from prostitution is enormous, so therefore the budget is left without any additional financing. There are only two ways out –either to completely legalize it eliminating street prostitution or to completely forbid it. Prostitution has increased in the last years in Canada. This has a lot to do with the sex-tourists arriving to Canada searching for sexual services. This means that Canada is getting foreign â€Å"deposits† that go to â€Å"nowhere†. Conclusion: Prostitution can be found in Canada’s every corner and especially in its main cities4. Its existance is conditioned by many factors. Canada is offering licensed sex but for some reason the gaps in the law enforcements are so big that it is completely impossible to notice them. In many cases prostitution is the only option of a person and the reaction of the government should not be through the legalization of this option but in the creation of other options of decent money making. The economic approach explains the existance of prostitution because any country is a big market place and is interested in  profit in the first place and Canada in not an exception. â€Å"The communicating law† is not effective anymore. Prostitution needs to be analyzed from every single side and needs a new conception of functioning if functioning at all. The economic approach app lication does not imply that the profit is made on the degradation of the society. And it is obvious that if the sex-workers had education, a place to work and a decent salary they would never have found themselves on the panel and could be their labor would have brought a bigger income for the budget. Canada needs to change the economic approach to the human approach and study everything concerning the prostitution for new.